Highest mountain in the world
There are at least 109 mountains on Earth with elevation greater than 7,200 metres (23,622ft) above sea level.The vast majority of these mountains are located on the edge of the Indian and Eurasian continental plates. Almost all mountains are there in the Himalaya and Karakoram ranges to the south and west of the Tibetan plateau. As of December 2018, the highest peak on four of the mountains- Gangkhar puensum, Labuche Kang iii, Karjlang,and Tongshanjiabu,all located in Bhutan or China. The highest mountain outside of Asia in Aconcagua(6,961m or 22,838ft), which would place it at 189th highest in Asia. The highest mountain in the world which placed at first position is Mount Everest.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is Earth’s highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The China-Nepal border runs across its summit point.Its elevation is 8,848m(29,029ft),was established by a 1955 Indian survey and confirmed by a 1975 Chinese survey. In 1865,it was given its official English name by the Royal Geographical Society, as recommended by Andrew Waugh, the British Surveyor General of India. There is very little native flora or fauna on Everest. A moss grows at 6,480m and it may be the highest altitude plant species. An alpine cushion plant is known to grow below 5,500m. A minute black jumping spider has been found at elevations as high as 6,700m. Birds such as the bar- headed goose, have been flying at the higher altitudes of the mountain. Yaks are often used to haul gear for Mount Everest climbs. They can haul 100 kg, have thick fur and large lungs. Other animals in the region include the Himalayan tahr, snow leopard, Himalayan black bear and the red panda.
Mount Everest has a polar climate with all months averaging well below freezing. Note: In the table below, the temperature given is the average lowest temperature recorded in that month. So, in an average year, the lowest recorded July temperature will be -18 degree Celsius, and the lowest recorded January temperature will be -36 degree Celsius.
Mount Everest attracts many climbers, some of them highly experienced mountaineers. There are two main climbing routes, one approaching the summit from the southeast in Nepal and the other from the north in Tibet. Everest presents dangers such as altitude sickness, weather and wind, as well as significant hazards from avalanches and the Khumbu Icefall. As of 2019, over 300 people have died on Everest.The first recorded efforts to reach Everest’s summit were made by British mountaineers. As Nepal did not allow foreigners to enter the country at the time, the British made several attempts on the north ridge route from the Tibetan side. 334 climbing permits were issued in 2014 in Nepal. These were extended until 2019 due to the closure. In 2015 there were 357 permits to climb,but were closed due to the avalanche and earthquake, and these permits were given a two-year extension to 2017. In March 2020, the governments of China and Nepal announced a cancellation of all climbing permits for Mount Everest due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary made the first official ascent of Everest in 1953, using the southeast ridge route. Avtar Singh Cheema was the first Indian man and sixteenth person in the world to climb Mount Everest. Along with 8 others he was a part of the third mission undertaken by the Indian army in 1965.
